KFC
For our second week of research, we are focusing on KFC, the world's most popular chicken restaurant chain. Part of the reason we chose this particular fast food restaurant was because of what we’ve heard about it in China.
In China, KFC is seen and treated like a high class fast food restaurant. People there believe that this facility is gourmet cooking and it is seen as somewhat of a fast food delicacy.
We chose KFC because we wanted to see what made this restaurant so special in China and to the people and whether or not people in the States feel the same way.
We also want to further research and look into if KFC is branded the same way in the states as it is in China, and if so, why it seems to be so much more popular in China than in the US.
History About KFC
In 1930, Colonel Harland Sanders opened his first restaurant in front of a gas station, and by 1940, he had created the Original Recipe, which included a list of secret herbs and spices. Sanders began franchising his business, and in 1952, the first franchise opened in Salt Lake City, Utah. By 1964, there were more than 600 franchised restaurants operating throughout the United States, Canada, and the first overseas outlet, in England.
By 1971, there were more than 3,500 restaurants were operating around the world, which nearly double to 6,000 by 1979. In 1980, Colonel Sanders passed away, but that did not slow the growth of his company. In 1986, KFC was acquired by PepsiCo, Inc. and today, the company still uses Sanders’ Original Recipe. Since the beginning of KFC, it has expanded to more than 18,000 restaurants in 115 countries and territories around the world.
Number of KFC's In USA vs China
The History Behind the Logo
1952-1977: First logo to appear.
1977-1991: The logo was updated for the first time.
1991-1997: The first time the restaurant identified as KFC.
1997-2006: This logo is still used at some locations
2006-present: The wrinkles were removed and the Colonel was given an apron. The logo now has thick bold lines on it which help it stand out more.
Logo and Trademark Standards
From KFC’s International Brand Identity Standards guide, we have pulled pages that show the company's usage guidelines for everything from their uniforms to their signage.
Included are the official logos for KFC, KFC Delivery, and KFC Express. Also included are the official colors, including Pantone, RAL, and CMYK that apply to all instances of the logo. It specifies when each logo is to be used, and even the exact angle that the Colonel is to be placed in the logos.
The KFC Classic, Vintage, and Heritage Script fonts, which were created specifically for KFC can also be found within, as well as the standards for which the letters ‘KFC’ are to be used, including solid letters and letters with highlights.
Signage guidelines are also shown, which include every sign type from square, horizontal, bucket, circular.
Advertising
Just like McDonald's, advertising is very important to KFC and how they market and present themselves. Again, we did pretty basic and generic searches for ads, to keep the results honest and raw. KFC's advertising doesn't seem to be as eye catching or something that is memorable like McDonald's advertising. We wanted to search and see why this might be and how it will compare to ads in China.
Unlike McDonald's web search, KFC has very unusual and sporadic looking advertisements. There really seems to be no consistency in color, subject matter, or theme. You also see the presence of new vs old and how different the coronal looks in different add and how he gives each ad a different feel. The older, more "vintage" adds go perfectly with the restaurant that seem to still be stuck in the past with their interior decor. Some of the ads KFC use techniques that look very similar to McDonald's ads with the the use of bright red backgrounds and the advertised food in the center of the ad.
Much like the McDonald's ads, KFC tends to stick to using the red and yellow colors that promote attention, hunger, and overall quickness of the meal. These colors draw guests in and make people feel hungry and want what they are seeing. KFC ads also tend to use a lot more white to promote their food. White typically symbolizes, goodness, perfection, and cleanliness. These are all good things that a company and a chain like KFC wants to promote and send to people telling costumers that this food not only tastes good but it's perfect and just what you need.
Applying the Advertising
These four advertisements are good examples of how KFC use their chicken and the colonel to promote their brand and business. The combination of the fried chicken with the quirky/funny saying makes for an ad that is simple but read quickly and gets it's point across quickly. Even if you were not able to read what the add said, based simply on the inclusion of the fried chicken piece, you could tell that this ad was for KFC. The logo of the colonel is also included in the lower right hand corner of the ad which still shows where the ad is for but is an after thought as the chicken pieces and funny words speak for themselves.
Taking a Closer Look
Taking a look into the restaurants to compare and contrast the consistency of each KFC will help us continue our research to see how KFC's branding is working. We decided to look at two separate restaurant location to see how these store are consistency wise even if they are only a couple of miles from each other.
KFC on State St: Exterior
When pulling up to KFC on State St, the thing that stands out most is the large KFC logo, which is visible from all sides of the restaurant. The building style seems to be a mix of the older, more traditional buildings and the newer, more modern buildings.
The color of the building is not the traditional red that used to be seen on KFC’s buildings, but instead, is what they call ‘KFC Rich Red,” which is more burgundy in color.
KFC on State St: Interior
Though the exterior of the restaurant is more modern in design, the interior feels more retro than anything.
The dining room is filled with vinyl benches at the lower tables while the high-top tables are equipped with their own vinyl stools. Both are adorned with chrome stripes, and when combined with the artwork on the walls, it definitely gives the interior an old school, diner-like feel. Something interesting to note, is the way that almost every window in the restaurant was nearly covered with advertisements.
KFC on Bay Rd: Exterior
The exterior of the Bay Rd. KFC has a much more traditional feel to it than the State St. building. Here, they are using an older logo and signage that contains the traditional KFC red color, and is also void of black, which also lends to its traditional feel. The building is also made of brick, unlike the stucco exterior of the State St. Building.
Much like the State St. KFC, there are large advertisements in just about every window.
KFC on Bay Rd: Interior
The interior of the Bay Rd. KFC is definitely older than the State St. KFC, and feels quite outdated. The walls are covered in wallpaper and the pictures on the walls are old and faded. But, the pictures on the walls are photos of Saginaw landmarks, making them very location specific, which I have not seen in other KFC locations.
Other than the red on the chair molding, the rest of the interior is fairly bland tans. All of the tables are the same, and are either accompanied by four chairs, or hard-plastic booths.
Packaging
You see the big buckets of chicken and the mashed potatoes packaged a certain way and you automatically know its for KFC. We want to look at how KFC's food is presented and given to costumers that makes it look so authentic and classic KFC. Packaging makes a big difference in the overall success of the branding of the company and KFC is no exception.
This is a number 6 meal in the US. It comes in a box that measures 9 ¼” long x 3” tall x 4 ½ inches wide. The total cost for the meal was $5.30 US, and it included a 16oz drink, 3 6” chicken strips, an 8oz mashed potatoes and gravy, a biscuit, and a chocolate chip cookie.
The packaging is fairly simple in design and only uses three colors -- black, white, and the KFC Rich Red. While the restaurant itself is outdated, at least they are using packaging that follows the company's current branding guidelines.
Compare and Contrast
When comparing both KFC restaurants, there are few similarities. The outside of both locations are quite different, with the first location (State St.) being more modern while using the newer KFC Rich Red on stucco, and the second location (Bay Rd.) using the original KFC Bright Red with traditional brick. Along with that, the first location used very modern, geometric aluminum window awnings, while the second used traditional vinyl awnings with red and white stripes on them.
Looking at the signs on each restaurant is also telling of which is more modern, with the first (State St.) using the the newest of the KFC logos, with KFC Rich Red and black, while the second restaurant (Bay Rd.) uses the original KFC Bright Red and royal blue, which isn’t even in the company's branding guidelines anymore. But, the most noticeable differences are on the interior of the restaurants. The State St. location is a mix of modern and retro, with vinyl benches at the lower tables while the high-top tables are equipped with their own vinyl stools. Both are adorned with chrome stripes, and when combined with the bright, almost pop art on the walls, it definitely gives the interior an old school, diner-like feel. The Bay Rd. location is definitely older than the State St. KFC, and feels quite outdated. The walls are covered in drab wallpaper and the pictures on the walls are old and faded, and other than the red below the chair railings, the rest of the interior is fairly bland tans, and instead of the plush vinyl benches and stools that the first location has, this one has hard, molded plastic benches.
The only thing that was exactly the same in both restaurants was the menu setup and the uniforms that the employees wore.
Then vs Now
KFC has come a long way from their first restaurant, which was in a small room in the front of a gas station, when they used to cater to the traditional family, and branded themselves as such. In recent years, they have found a new target audience; millennials, and they have changed the way they brand themselves accordingly.
Instead of the brightly colored logo and chicken bucket sign, they have opted for more modern designs with darker, more subdued colors and more streamlined facades on their buildings. KFC has done a complete rebranding of their company in the process of trying to simplify the feel of their restaurants in hopes of attracting new customers, and to help them compete with newer restaurants, such as Qdoba, Chipotle, and Panera Bread.
Conclusion
Based on the photos and information that has been gathered, it is clear to see that KFC has some discrepancies in the branding of their restaurants. While some are updated, modern and clean, there are others that are still sporting their old branding package with dingier, outdated interiors.
With that said, the direction that the KFC branding is heading in is definitely more modern than what they’ve used before, which can be attributed to the updated colors, clean lines, and industrial materials being used on both the exterior, and interior of their restaurants.